The function of the electric vehicle charging pile is similar to that of the fuel dispenser in the fuel station of the fuel vehicle. It can be fixed on the ground or on the wall, and can also be installed in the parking lot and charging station of public buildings (office buildings, shopping malls, etc.) or residential quarters, and can charge various types of electric vehicles according to different voltage levels. Charging piles can generally be divided into AC charging piles and DC charging piles.

AC charging pile refers to a special power supply device that provides AC power for electric vehicles with on-board charging devices by means of conduction. The input end of the AC charging pile is connected to the input power supply, and the output end is connected to the electric vehicle through the AC charging interface.

The DC charging pile needs to be used with off-board charger, and its development process can be divided into two stages. In the first stage, the off-board charger and the DC charging pile are split structures. The output end of the off-board charger is connected to the input end of the DC charging pile, and the output end of the DC charging pile is connected to the electric vehicle through the DC charging interface. At the same time, the DC charging pile controls the off-board charger through the communication interface. The advantage of this mode is that the charger can be placed indoors, thus reducing the requirements for the IP protection level of the charger and facilitating unified heat dissipation management; The main disadvantage is that the wiring is long, resulting in large voltage drop and power loss, and the communication line is also vulnerable to interference, which has a great impact on the system reliability.

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